Introduction
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among children/adolescents globally has increased in parallel with the growing rates of obesity. Inconsistencies in screening practice has resulted in under-reporting, missed diagnoses and irreversible chronic disease development, highlighting the need for strategies to promote early identification. This research aimed to gather perspectives of parents and adolescents living with T2D, to understand their diagnosis experience and ideas to promote a supportive environment for future families.
Methods
Eligible participants included parents of all cultural backgrounds living in Australia, providing care to at least one child/adolescent younger than 18 years living with T2D, with the child/adolescent also included if appropriate. Recruitment was facilitated via a community-based clinic located in South-East Queensland and referrals from clinicians. Qualitative data was collected via semi-structured interviews, in-person or via telephone, allowing participants to openly share their experiences, opinions and ideas.
Results
Three interviews were conducted including: i) one parent, ii) one parent and adolescent and iii) one adolescent living with T2D (with parental consent). Participants spoke about their family history, age at diagnosis, factors that prompted diagnosis, perceptions of support, screening experience and future recommendations. The adolescents were aged 9, 14 and 15 at the time they were diagnosed, all having a family history of T2D. Adolescent participants emphasised the importance of support and empathy during the diagnostic process, “find common ground with them and just help them understand the seriousness of it”.
Conclusion
Gathering individual perspectives empowers individuals living with T2D, helping to optimise the support provided to families during T2D diagnosis in the future. Understanding the patient journey identifies opportunities within the Australian healthcare system to improve early identification, diagnosis and early intervention. Overall, the opportunity to prevent irreversible disease progression will halt T2D prevalence among current and future generations of Australian children/adolescents.